Computerized tomography scans, or CT scans, use computer
processing to put together cross-sectional images of human tissue using a sequence
of X-ray images taken from several angles. The images can display bones, blood
vessels, and soft tissues within the body, providing even more precise
information than plain X-rays.
The CT scan has a variety of uses. It is commonly used to
examine internal injuries that result from car accidents or other trauma. They
can also be utilized in the diagnosis of bone and muscle disorders, such as Multiple
Sclerosis or fractures. Additionally, they can be used to pinpoint a blood
clots, tumors, and infections, or to guide radiation, surgery, and biopsy procedures.
CT scans can also help with the detection of cancer, heart disease, and other
tissue-related conditions. CT scans have so many important uses, providing
physicians with detailed images that enable them to effectively monitor and
treat their patients.
Just from the name alone, it is obvious that computers are
the backbone of computerized tomography scans. First, the CT scanner emits
narrow beams though the body. An X-ray detector within the scanner identifies
hundreds of levels of density from the diverse body tissues. Data is then
transmitted into the computer from the X-ray detector. The computer program
then executes a numerical integral calculation—the inverse Radon transform—on the
series of X-rays to approximate how much of the beam is absorbed in a small volume
of the tissue. This algorithm is then used to build a 3D cross-sectional image of
the body part under analysis, and outputs the image on the screen. Because of
this important piece of equipment, CT scanners enable the examination of the
human body in a completely non-invasive manner.
References:
